Diabetes mellitus has become a prevalent disease in current well developed world in view of modern life styles and high qualities. About one of eleven people in China and United States suffers either type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T1DM or T2DM). T1DM is caused by apoptosis of beta-cells attacked by one’s self-immune system, while insulin resistance is believed to be the major contributor for the progression of T2DM.

It is well known that mathematical modeling and analysis can reveal intrinsic factors in biological systems and are proved to be a good tool for predictions in many cases. The first mathematical model for the regulation of glucose and insulin was formulated in 1961 by Bolie. Followed that, several but relatively much less number of models have been created and studied, although diabetes becomes a more and more important disease in current century. In this talk, I will review a few key models in this area in the past decades and some of their applications. If time is allowed, I will point out certain possible future research topics.